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This means an organism that operates with strict instinctual responses and low behavioral flexibility will display behaviors that are tightly coupled to changes in their environment. Some species will respond with rigid and instinctual behaviors-while other animals, like mammals, have more behavioral flexibility and adapt by varying their behavioral patterns,” he said. “Think of a volcano eruption, or a big storm which changes the landscape, or any kind of environmental change. Specifically, it refers to the way plants and animals respond to changes in their environment. To understand why, Brewer described a foundational concept from behavioral science called behavioral flexibility-the basis from which culture itself emerges. “ all of the global challenges we now face are processes of and consequences of cultural evolution.”

“Cultural evolution involves looking at the statistical composition of traits across a population you are interested in studying along with their compositional changes over time,” Brewer said.

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Those traits could be anything from how many people use iPhones instead of Android to who uses handshaking as a greeting. In a given population of a species, those traits which yield a greater chance of surviving and producing offspring are selected and retained over time.Īpplied to culture, cultural evolution is the variation and selected retention of cultural traits across a group of people. Simply stated, Darwin said evolution is a combination of variation, selection, and retention of certain traits. So What Exactly Is Cultural Evolution (and Why Is It Important?)īrewer begins by outlining the basics of Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection. He hopes we can use the resulting analytical tools to better argue for and manage social change.

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“If you don’t make design choices about how to govern that match how living systems work-then you’re going to create maladaptive responses and create suffering.”īrewer believes evolutionary theory, a foundation of biological sciences, along with complexity science, embodiment philosophy, and a long list of other areas of study can provide the framework for synthesizing the social sciences, humanities, and biology. That’s a big reason for integrating fields of knowledge across the social sciences, humanities, and biology,” he says. “If we want to make ethical design choices for how to build communities, we have to connect our thinking to biology. The goal? To help us make ethical decisions about how to govern society.

To address these challenges, he has devoted himself to developing and promoting the application of a multidisciplinary set of tools in a field of study called “cultural evolution.” The global scale social complexity we have today is at risk, and we may lose it,” he told me in a conversation for Singularity Hub.ĭuring our discussion, Brewer cited a list of urgent crises including climate change, soil degradation, ocean acidification, and biodiversity loss alongside techno-social issues like the breakdown of trust in institutions, a lack of effective governance structures, the increased ability for manipulation with propaganda and misinformation, and extreme structural wealth inequality. “We are going through a period of planetary change, and there is a collapse dynamic that’s already happening. There’s rising instability in our fragile and rapidly changing biosphere, he says, and society is unlikely to escape harm. There’s an unsettling premise at the heart of Joe Brewer’s life’s work.īrewer is a change strategist dedicated to ensuring a thriving global civilization exists 100 years from now-and he believes this is becoming less likely every year.